Journal of implantology and applied sciences ISSN:2765-7833(Print) 2765-7841(Online) 대한구강악안면임플란트학회지

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the difference in temperature change according to bone density, drilling speed, irrigation, length and width of the drill during implant-site preparation. Materials and Methods: During drilling, temperature measurement was performed by means of an infrared thermal camera in order to detect temperature changes. According to Misch’s classification D1 to D4 laminated test blocks made of polyurethane foams were used for the experiment with a maintenance of temperature at 36.5oC (waterbath). Temperature change was measured while drilling with four bone blocks of different densities. Also, the speed of revolution, drill length and irrigation were factors evaluated for heat generation during drilling with implant. Analysis on the effect of the drill diameter and the effect of size of the previous drill diameter on heat generation was performed. Results: From D1 to D4 bone, heat generation was the greatest with D1. When the speed of drills was kept constant at 1,200 rpm, greater heat was generated. When the drill length increased, more heat was generated. Hence, there seems to be a remarkable temperature difference when there is an increase in drill length and drill time. Also, there is a significant temperature difference during implant site preparation between bone with and without irrigation. However, no significant difference in temperature changes was found with the drilling procedure; yet, the effect of a previous drill diameter on heat generation was confirmed during the use of the final drill. The smaller the previous drill diameter is, the more the temperature increases when preparing an implant site with the final drill. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this pilot study, the observations suggest that accelerated speed of revolution, longer drill length and smaller previous drill diameter generate more heat when preparing the implant site. Moreover, irrigation is an important factor for reducing heat generation during osteotomy preparation. Further studies should be conducted in order to determine the ideal surgical protocols in vivo.